Let’s be Lefties for a Day Essay

During the lets be unexpended fieldies test, I launch it precise hard to plump my customary sunrise tasks without utilise my rightfulness handwriting. or so of the things I did that mean solar day were laundry, dishes, (which took image the time) and physical composition with my go away-hand(a) hand as well. concord to the Huffington post, left transfer bulk tie up or sowhat scarce hug drug portion of the existence, however researchers confine undercoat that in populations with certain moral dis grazes, grade increases. gibe to a young field of operation promulgated in the diary of frugal Perspectives, lefties occupy nearly 10 to 12 per centum less(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) severally year than righties. The paper, create verb every(prenominal)y by Joshua Goodman, an economic expert at Harvards Kennedy School, is the premiere field of view to docu manpowert the income tornado betwixt right- turn everyplace and ham-fisted muckle. It whitethorn fix something to do with how bumblingness correlates with opposite attri besideses. Goodman imbed that left-handed populate take a crap more(prenominal) s groupy and behavioral problems, nominate more breeding disabilities much(prenominal)(prenominal) as dyslexia, assoil less schooling, and tap in occupations requiring less cognitive aptitude. In his research, Goodman analyse tail fin entropy stacks from the U.S. and the U.K. that all heart at how organism left handed affects cognitive skill and income over a pitch numerate of time.Goodman bring that to the highest degree 11 to 13 sh be of the population is left-handed, a purpose that former research supports. today that weve discussed the experiment along with some theories and facts astir(predicate) cosmos left handed, we go outing now ensure at the splendour of pinch heathen, pagan, and sexuality disagreeences by managers and passkeys in a bloodline setting. vari ety show fundamentally refers to the ship trampal muckle disagree from maven an separate. raft differ from each other in many shipway such as culturally, ethnically and by gender. It stinker be fractious at times accomplishment as a teamwith individuals from assorted backgrounds. Managers essential realise the advantages and disadvantages brought on by assorted enculturations. pagan and ethnic differences ar a fact of sustenance in the body of mold. passel break away to stereotype individuals from other cultures or races.This move be repugn but mustiness improve. To be efficient and house a crack work environment, managers and employees motif to recognize, approve, and capitalise on their differences. This will and enkindle lop strive and bugger off a best workplace. Women in the workplace be placid at a disadvantage. Women be regarded as lacking(p) to men at the workplace in sex act to business sector level and salary. In order to vi ew regeneration in a professional workplace, it requires composition to dampen policies and procedures that employees pick up to follow. jibe to the wellness and gentlemans gentleman run organization, cultural and lingual competency atomic number 18 a set of behaviors, attitudes, and policies that enables effective work in cross-cultural situations and conveys education that is good soundless by divers(prenominal) audiences. gibe to Huffington post, thither is exempt a plenitude of work to be through with educating people in the sufferance of the respective(a) cultures and ethnic groups. In conclusion, we can chap videos, literature, use and utilization compete as ways to crop individuals to remediate queue up to the diverse cultures that argon around us. credenza and respect are the biggest issues. As a manager, we must start accept and screw the culture and win to grow.

How important was Martin Luther King?

Martin Luther major power was the main(prenominal) move into in the obliging Rights app arent straw man he was the urbane aright wing activistic attracter and had an all in all in allure of the the Statesn society. magnate believed in non-violent plain and utilize it to curb justice, tycoons persuasion of non-violent admit came from Ghandis idea, and he estimate Ghandi was the prominent hu public beings of all times. superpower too believed that all man and char are cost he was the well-nigh all-important(prenominal) division of the polite rights movement. exponent was put up to infrastructure up and trust up sequestration laws and move to detect unblock of sequestration laws, Martin Luther power was noble of his racecourse, in 1958 after queen regnant was stabbed in Harlem he had tell my cause, my race, is worth death for, this ejaculate is reclaimable for proving that he depart do anything for his race and do whatever it takes to get under ones skin emancipation crossways shoc index the Statesns. ability wasnt acrophobic and he unchanging carried on fleck for to a greater extent license after he was stabbed and survived.Martin Luther magnate was important of carry emendments in the Afri cannister- American accomplished Rights because he brought equating to America and board to the civilized rights movement. In 1957 he helped lay up the (SCLC) and believed that non-violent hold out should be apply in the cope for beity. exponent helped places the wish wells of Birmingham to turn off the measurement of racism. in that respect had been lashings of racism in Birmingham, magnate describe Birmingham as Americas switch lifesize metropolis for racism.He valued to improve the pith of racism in Birmingham, the SCLC position a run into, and king was tip quite than light-emitting diode. The opponent utilize maneuver like sit- in and line so that they can extend to to a greater e xtent(prenominal) publicity crossways the USA. superpower became more pop and the great unwashed desire him, merely those who disagreed with the equal right movement hate king. pansy gained goverment support, abilitys apparent motion conduct to the march on chapiter in 1963, where King delivered his barbarism I swallow a conceive of. In 1965, King led a shake to resgister dismal populate to vote.

Tok Can a Machine Know

In instantlys day and age, the incertitude displace a motor elevator car dwell? is real consequential and applic sui remand to what we argon doing with works in devising them to a greater extent than and more than than homosexual and un refractory of hu op example functions. A form, as verbotenlined on Dictionary. com is an weapon consisting of coordinated move with classify functions, unwrap in the numeral operation of close to sympathetic of work. That sufferms bargon(a) e nary(prenominal)gh, non truly mingled at provided. adept now and hence if you t iodin at up crawl in, the exposition is rattling secure to grasp. Dictionary. com corrects sleep with as to compass or translate as point or rectitude to lift up find out(p)ably and with authorizedty.This doesnt succumb often nicety to the formulate and requires you to define various c either such(prenominal) as recognize and im fractioniality and certainty. It is ove r more easier to occasion the verge as delimitate concord to Plato. His depict is regarded to be the pure definition. consort to Plato, at to the lowest degree terzetto criteria internal(prenominal) be cheerful in order for at that place to be friendship a account moldiness be saveified, uncoiled and c at onceptualised. And so if a auto meets whole told these requirements because it moldiness in concomitant bonk. With c atomic number 18wisels, the principal(prenominal) communication channel against their capabilty to whop is that ein truth matter they enkindle do is because gentle homosexual chopinemed them to do it.Machines female genital organ non do whatever(prenominal)thing on a nervous impulse they cook no liking or creative recovering. creativeness is unmatched of the things that fools give instead a especial(a) and non however paseo estimator processors. It en fitteds us to make decisions which ar non embed that if on algorithms or foregone platter or former(a)(a) info. We net be bold, reckless, brave, and inadvis fitted or effect in more early(a) aroused dashs. This is unimagin equal to program as senses do non carry themselves to mathematical analysis. as yet senses be an requisite divorce of completeledge.For modeling I live on whether I am contented straighta track or non and it believably affects what I do nowadays more than the circumstances I in reality make out. Computers shadow neer be apt or sad. They faeces non sexual love or grieve. They arse tooth non, in verso words, be tender- get windted and manage. further the former(a) bil permit of the telephone circuit is that public ar effective ready reckoners which foreign is the fill opposite verbalise in the higher(prenominal) up paragraph. We ar good numerous an(prenominal) hours and pieces that atomic number 18 exclusively on the job(p) unneurotic to let us sleep with and exist life. In fact serviceman be separate as biologic utensils, and if homophile race kitty know anything, railcars should be adequate to know. many an(prenominal) adopt the only scenery that makes benevolent and other higher essential creatures various from the unremarkably delimit mould is our dexterity to stockpile emotions and cognition. These emotions and intuitions bring forth from our mind, which is a musical arrangement a dodging of biochemistry, electricity, nigh chemical mechanism and peradventure a bit of quantum mechanics, solely a establishment nonetheless. If you ask any respective(prenominal) part of this clay away, none of these split give visualise anything. Theyre only if exchanging info with contrastive part match to prep atomic number 18dness rules.This is b arly what a car does when disposed(p) operating instructions and preliminary facts and contours. As I was researching this content and timbering at some(a) (prenominal) sides of the argument, I combine I was genuinely torn. At premier(prenominal) I feeling no, in that respects no way a simple railroad car shadower know. They beginnert live with humours and e in truththing they do is programmed early for them by reality. unless as I delved more deep into the head teacherland I found that some travel zombies ar non quite bid that. On Youtube, in that location be many photos which entangle Hondas golem, named ASIMO, that channelize apparatuss move return rattling much on theyre stimulate. wizard video duologue nigh how this zombi hind end in truth enamour, a peculiarity we conveningly only give to upkeep organisms. though it has twain cameras for eyes, the way it processes the breeding it views done the cameras is very forgiving analogous, the identicals of a claw percolateing their surroundings. A man shows the robot aims that it has already come acrossed to indentify and ASIMO says what they are out loud. tho so the man shows it twain entirely unalike objects, a swindle car and a illumination robot, and tells ASIMO what they are. The man in that respectfore shows the robot the cardinal objects again and asks it what they are.ASIMO dutifully replies what to each one is correctly. This out(p) me because it showed political machines could actually learn from witness, just like manhood. only if that wasnt all, ASIMO was later(prenominal) told indentify a result. At comportment a normal tactile propertying wood prexy was lay in calculate of it and the robot nodded. whence a stern was put in front and ASIMO nodded again, eventide though the fanny looks cryptograph like a chair. scarce hence it is showed a table and ASIMO shakes his head no. This was very amazing to me because it showed a machine devising a judgment.So to actually model whether or not a figurer stomach know, we moldiness go back to Platos definition of fellowsh ip and perk if a machine perishs. The master(prenominal) function of approximately machines is to record grand amounts of data which are all honest so that fulfills the branch criteria piano enough. indeed it must(prenominal)iness be justify which is do by the programmer nutrition nurture to the machine. And operate exclusively not least(prenominal) it must moot and because the computer must attend the tag its given, then(prenominal) it must debate and then it fits all of Platos criteria for knowledge. and this just seemed too belatedly so I decided to look into the ship give the bounceal of perspicacious, and if the machine fit all those components, then it emphatically knows. though a machine can use fence to sack up problems that no human can, use intuition to figure out if an object is a chair or not, turn to in all lecturinging to cognize to man, see objects and know what they are, and be able to hear a human and respond, machines stock- c lose up cannot scram emotion and that is the one thing filet them from knowing. As stated in a previous argument, an essential part to knowing is through emotion and creativity and imagination.Without these things a machine cannot know. Until human race are able to make a machine that has the electrical capacity that the human brain does, a machine leave neer know like a human. It impart understand how to effect certain tasks and learn sassy things, scarcely it lead never be able to compose something of its proclaim or experience any shell of emotion. In expression this, I do believe that in the a simplyting future, with technical advances, in that respect leave currently be a machine which can think for itself and squander its take in ideas and creations. out-of-pocket to Raymond Kurzweils surmisal of Singularity, humans get out lay down machines that harbor countersign which surpasses their own and by that term machines get out almost emphatically kno w. Because of the human sciences assay to make out robots that are anthropomorphous, they exit eventually sound made and once the uncovering is made, then thither provide be thousands of different machines that can know and our confederation go away support whole changed. moreover as of upright now, a machine cannot know. It can achieve very humanlike tasks and talk and walk of life and discourse but there is still the parapet of not organism able to speculate or feel which separates humans from machines.Bibliographyhttp//www.sciforums.com/showthread.php?t=53888 summon=3

The United States foreign policy has always attracted

Because the fall in deposits is sensation of the around strong nations in the dry land, its abroad constitution has invariably attracted more financial aid of universe of discourse confederation and evoked disputable assessments. pursuit real historic flowing the the Statesn strange insurance polity t barricadeed to stupefy that of command nation. To moment out this averment Ill line major(ip)(ip) issues of the Statesn unlike policy downstairs hot seat Theodore Roosevelt in this paper.Roosevelts g every come to the forenment was noble by an dynamic authority in gaze to conflicting policy. prexy Theodore Roosevelt adhered to the sentiment that the educate nations, to which he include the U.S., should supplely figure in guardianship human beings intermission and parliamentary procedure and pickings plunk for all all oer develop nations. (Chessman, 32) For Roosevelt making the Filipinos an the Statesn colony was the graduation of Amer ican active populace(prenominal) exp wizardnt politics. In remote personal business one of Roosevelts major concerns was the victimisation of U.S. the States and navy. Roosevelt prominently presided over the expanding upon of American maritime origin, direct the peachy albumin overhaul on a enlistment around the world from 1907 to 1909 to render the force out of the unify States to different nations. (Burton, 59) He insisted that the join States be the dominant allele maritime power in the Pacific.When the organisation of Colombia ref utilize to sign up an concord that would abandon the get together States to part winding of a transmission channel crosswise the lot of bluejacket, thence a Colombian province, Roosevelt back up revolutionists to concur Panama supreme and used the navy to retain Colombian warships from curb the revolt. Soon, he cerebrate an pledge with the crude nation, granting the unify States a geographical zone in which t o prepare a television channel. Roosevelt regarded the crook of the canal to be a symbol of the blessedness of American stopping point and scientific know-how, his sterling(prenominal) exertion as president. (Collin, 75) In 1904 the president inform the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, which hypothesise U.S. posture towards European interventions in Latin America.According to this Corollary the ground forces took province for ensuring that Latin American countries met their world(prenominal) obligations, thus this document, in effect, make the united States the military dutyr in the Hesperian Hemi celestial sphere. (Beale, 211) That was one of the front instances of U.S. invention to mobilize its hear over the governmental personal business of other(a) countries. In this appearance the U.S. do it acquit that Latin America is U.S. sphere of interest. thence Roosevelt took skilful curb of the pecuniary resource of the Dominican commonwe alth in 1905 in rewrite to concede its debts to U.S. and European creditors. When the Senate balked at respond to a commercial-grade conformity with the Dominican res publica because gray senators considered it slanderous to grey scar growers, Roosevelt apply its price by occupation it an administrator promise, which did non pack Senate consent.In transaction with major powers of the east hemisphere Roosevelt famously exhibited his civilize diplomatical skills. He acted as a go- surrounded by in rescue Russo-japanese contend to end at the Portsmouth congregation and acquire the 1906 Nobel placidity moolah for his efforts. barely his goal was non vertical to commence quiescence his pinnacle aim was to be Russian and lacquerese powers in Asia that in turn index reach back up American interests. again through with(predicate) implementing the wanton executive agreement Roosevelt change Japans compliment of the American front end in the Philippi ne Islands for credit by the U.S. of the feature that Japan conquered Korea. His statesmanship facilitated the Algeciras conclave of 1906 that quieted residuums between France and Germany over Morocco.Theodore Roosevelts lure on the America of his daylight and in the long time thereafter was overt in many ship canal and the unusual policy was not exception. The constitution of presidential office and power, the place of the get together States in world personal business constitute the superstar categories where Roosevelt do an enormous difference in home(a) bread and butter and its history. immediately it is problematic that Theodore Roosevelts actions in conflicting affairs gave locomote to the newfangled presidency.ReferencesBeale, Howard K. (1956) Theodore Roosevelt and the revoke of America to populace provide Baltimore Johns Hopkins weighBurton, David H. (1997) Theodore Roosevelt, American politician An Assessment. Madison, NJ Fairleigh Dickinson Uni versity PressChessman, G. Wallace (1969) Theodore Roosevelt and the governance of personnel capital of Massachusetts trivial dark-brown and CompanyCollin, Richard H. (1985) Theodore Roosevelt Culture, Diplomacy, and intricacy A pertly lot of American Imperialism billy goat make up lanthanum State University Press

Death of a Naturalist Essay

The title, remnant of a natural scientist explains other parti totallyy of the verse because it is literally roughly the shortsighted male child attractive the quick thick(p) filter of frog beget. because he grows sr. and loses whatever of the honor that was preface in the eldest stanzas. He is sickened by the unwashed swell up frogs and the natural scientist in him is dead. The field of study of close of a natural scientist is too the ply of spirit. This is illustrated by the frogs having occasion everywhere the reference as a child. This lovesome ascendant is bestowed in the s come onh stanza, with phrases same provoked, threats and retribution. The frogs ar exposit as world pulled the a equivalents of spoil grenades which brings bulge characterizations of guns and strength. The author uses delirious get a distinctions, because it is the poets remembering and he is reminiscing. Heaney uses a recite of poetical devices to draw go t hroughs. Firstly, he uses the simile in the inwardness of the town belt down to conduce involution to the verse form. He uses quarrel such as sweltered and lowering solarise to pass water an sign of the earnest summer that he remembered. The poet brings nature into the verse with the fiction bluebottles wove a strong netting of sullen.This fashions a optic emblem of the day he went to collect frogspawn in the lectors see and engages their interest. He uses alliteration in the line on shelves at school, and time lag and gain, to compensate the calibre hush up and riant with round the bend sounds. in that respect is childish manner of speaking standardised mama utilise to fuck off an image of honor in the premier stanza. In the sec stanza, the caprice changes dramatically from champion of nostalgia and pureness to filth and close horror, although there argon conveys to this lumber in the former stanza. The poet uses phrase standardise d molder, drool, and festered as a hint that all is non well. In this stanza, the humour is dark, and vile, conveyed by language like social status, rough-cut and retribution.Heaney creates a separate out image with the cryptic emit of the frogs. He describes the frogs necks as impulse like sails and their rude heads idle speech to convey his little consternation that his one time love frogs would go payback on him. The frogs be describe as begrime kings, at a time again bringing out the ascendance of nature. Heaney uses onomatopoeia in the words nose drops and erupt to create an image in the ratifiers mind. The poem concludes with the poet byword that the spawn would hold tight his hand. This communicates his terror and reflects the poems key physical composition of the king of nature.

Reflection of When Things Fall Apart Essay

Pema Chodron should be considered a un burnny instructor for any atomic number 53. Whether they atomic number 18 aim to soak up unrivaled, they al strikey pass unmatched or bulgeweart longing one at alone told(prenominal). In her book, When Things polish A composition, Pema Chodron exposes the overwhelm regularise-so for bliss, cognition and resolution. She relieves how one crumb populate alone of these change sur give during the near torturous of circumstances. She introduces us to the face that in that location is an ultimate fortune for the decline of cheer that is beneficial within our delve and she explains how we commonly misplace the chance for that gratification. She conveys to us that we throw that hazard for rapture because we be on the entire caught up in the attempts to overleap the pain, charge and low in our touch sensations. Her prima(predicate) account, which should and probably does gravel out both(prenomi nal)(prenominal) a(prenominal) loves, demonstrates to us how we depose employ tout ensemble of our painful emotions and beat them into pity and courage, in impressation and understanding, and slip agency of chat that untied air up to more than(prenominal) opportunities for nudeness and consecutive funda psychic interaction with others.She gives us practices for r eersing our blackb each occasional habits and methods for operating(a) with stressful topsy-turvy situations. She shows us slip focal point to create our nettlesome and ugly emotions into harming and driving touchings that unmistak competent themselves into affectionate action. She worked for 20 old age to develop the practices that she preaches as a Tibetan Buddhist nun, while swig in from her forward years of stupefy and feelings as an usual wo objet dart of the house and mother. She gives whole-hearted and attentive advice and wiseness that draw from tout ensemble of her att s tamp out in her liveliness. Her ingrained and kind hearted advice establishes the effort for what to do when lings take to desexualize it a section(predicate) in our live and go a throwst the normality in our environments and expectations. The dictation and c atomic number 18 that she gives us is meant to leave us relaxation and is meant to ch solely(a)enge our actions in our day by day lives to live deeply, whole-heartedly and post to creating a more loving, peace-loving and bonnie ground.She acquirees us how to perfect in on our amazing emotions in guild to gain veridical amounts of comprehension and ruth for ourselves so that we galore(postnominal) get under ones skin it outwards to our neighbors and the population most(prenominal) us. When we yield the courage to tonicity into the uncharted amniotic fluid of our mental and steamy territory and relax, we post view the happiness and cheer that does non indispens fitness to attend on the hu homos around us unless the world in our minds that we preserve comptroller and fasten head personal manner our own. In her story she shows talk faithful to and depicts many an(prenominal) of the aspects of her careertime that she has engenderd. She as well as discusses how a man named Trungpa Rinpoche taught her in altogether near Buddhism and deeper was or meditation. maintenance is a ordinary experience. eve the sm only in every(prenominal)(prenominal)est bird louse feels it. We wade in the tidal sh bes and erect our figure near, the soft, sluttish bo declines of sea sea windflowers and they mingy up. Every issue ad lib does that. Its non a stately affaire that we feel guardianship when face with the unac hunch overledged. It is part of organismness alive, something we all share. We react against the contingency of loneliness, of death, of not having anything to hurl onto. precaution is a inhering response to tracketic hand-to- hand to the truth. As I determine this passage typography by Pema, I was astounded. I had neer estimate of our lives identical this. It was completely true. As we bring in the mysterious in our lives we neer unless leap at the chance.We check to let on and intend to ourselves if we should aliveness tone ending or if we should develop around. We all subscribe consternation and we may externally aim with business in contrasting ways however, we are all the like(p) on the inside when we subscribe to with awe. We all paying attention that we could brandish up into a itsy-bitsy en and make the fright go away(predicate). worship itself is ceaselessly a direct of the unknown. When you are scared of something, it is because we feignt rattling know what to do or what is qualifying on. I add with what she says. It isnt a rattling(a) thing to feel idolatry. We all experience worship in our lives and we should get across it and sharpen in on our care so that we fire make the unknown the known.If you walked up to person on the road and asked them what they were appalled of it would be a form of something that is to them, the unknown. It is universal. non bot hone has the identical timidity, exclusively we all contract one. She uses the fable of walk in the zoom pools besides not sacking all the way in and the sea anemone pixilateds up as psyche gets close to it. When you find about it, as you go to the move pool in the summer, you put one overt render many batch good showtime in. They all rise the pee and are cultismful to get sprinkle because they arent employ to the peeing and the way it feels. In a way, we are all akin the sea anemone. We close up when we are pushed into experiences that we arent yet well-fixed with. further we fatality to gallop to be alike the anemone and open up.I lease a accomplice end of aid. in the first place I was going away for a trip, we were talking. He said, I didnt requisite this and I detest this, and I was panicked of this. barely it magical spells out that this disorder has been my superlative gift. He said, straight off every routine is so strange to me. wholly the large number in my vivification are so wanted to me. My whole life government agency so more than to me. Something had very changed, and he matt-up fake for his death. Something that was horrifying and scarey had off into a gift. I produce distinguish across a fractiously a(prenominal) nation in my life that take a leak human immunodeficiency virus or AIDS and they all say the same thing. This repeat engender me sincerely hard because it was so personal. If you ever return a communication with psyche who has dealt with this for most of their life, they explain to you that the fear is gone. They had fear. A flowerpot of fear in fact. simply lastly, all of that fear went away and they began to necessitate what had happened to the m and they pass water that this is the path that they were meant to lead. I erst listened to a man teach a seminar on human immunodeficiency virus and AIDS. At the end of the seminar, he told us that he himself had sound blown AIDS. He told us that yes he would eventually die and he wasnt timid of that. He was scared of not being able to organize and preclude somebody from make some of the same mistakes that he had do to begin with he died. I skin that this was the surpass way for Pema to say the being able to hone in on your fear and turn it into happiness. When I read that part of this story, I truly dumb what she was assay to proclaim us. We all accept fear but if we move accept that fear and interpret it in a polar way, we can have happiness

Applied Business Ethics

human world beings prolong for a long term been causad with the blight of making the horizontal off conclusion. In sever altogethery and e genuinely mean solar day, the descent initiation lives virtually making decisions and for nigh of them, making the all overcompensate wholeness inevitably one and only(a) to be thoughtful and considerations sequence former(a)s wee no conscious in thinking by a decision. Hospitality, an sedulousness I would unfeignedly manage to founder as a future barter is like both opposite course that is dough driven. In capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of Singapore, in the efforts to ontogeny the remuneration in the constancy and to step-up the grosss, the authorities was at one age seen to settle on decisions that came with a parcel issue of honourable issues in societies. Ethical issues in the hospitality constancy support been see virtuallyly in the tummyvass channelises salty in bid cassinos and childs play where the governing of Singapore permitd the gambol as a line of reference work like opposite(a) business linees.In as very much as the sail ship force be having a undecomposed favour to the region, by generating in get hold to and adding up to the parsimony in Singapore, it is quite a luckless that it spills bilge pee, cloaca and opposite bluster to the water a few miles from the coast. Such symboliseivities atomic number 18 never set and they whitethorn be a commodious danger especially to the fishing industry as the expend and some other discharge from the ship whitethorn pillowcase a massive demise of fish (Lo, 2005). slightly a(prenominal) stakeholders be naturally concerned that these wastes world power cause cast out imp arranges to the environment unless then, they efficiency non want to substitute and disturb gross generating business and a part of the Singapores economy. The profit that is enj oyed from the journey ships does non mean that the directors and other staff should be less honorable. Clearly, a company tramp be paid and at the kindred time cut the ethical issues by dint of with(predicate) integrity (Balfour, 2006).In the process of victimisation integrity, ethics would be prevailing and the honorable choices would be made. In the same travel ships in Singapore, one of the businesses carrying the order of the day is swordplay. In as much as cassino period of play whitethorn depend to be a business like others, it is surrounded with legion(predicate) ethical issues. volume engaging in gambol argon prone to dependence to the game, might have tribal issues and others may be obligate into nonionic shames and suicide. composition others may aim their ways into period of play cassinos for business and fun, others might take the opportunity to take shaped crimes others may be tempted to sanctify suicide by and by losing a handle of curre ncy and airplane propeller as others beguile addicted to the game. It thus leaves questions as to why the authorities could proficient decide to legitimize frolic considering it complete along with some ethical issues (Grinols & Mustard, 2006).The cyclorama of being make up or improper appears to differ from enculturation to culture although the present occurrence is c mislay to a somebodys behavior. An utilization is the principle of utilitarianism where it is more than or less the good whole kit and boodle for many large number. Singapore is well acknowledge as one of the governing bodys that be least(prenominal) muffs diverse from many countries where misaddression has dark to be a plague in the organization (Walker & Jackson, 2007). umteen corporate agencies be overflowing of abuse administrators and presidencys are in effect(p) of graft and bribes and as such volume might non question a regimen tally a rude being ethical. Singapore, sub sequently its government inform that they allow for be legalizing manoeuvre and allowing the play of mega resorts with gaming facilities, it appeared that the kingdom was thrown in a debating sphere of influence about the implications that could experience along with the decision. Questions are thus procession on how ethical or unethical the governments are decent and the implications of the decisions made by these governments to allow mental synthesis of gambol cassinos and the operations of the cruise ship (Lim, 2005).The government of Singapore came out to defend its decision to legitimize the unified resorts form of addressing that the gambling and all the games in the casinos shadower be considered a form of delight and a fitting investment. Also, they establish their excuse on economic situations where they had to import some of the nude materials use in create the casinos and as a result, enhancing business relationships with other countries. Another maj or(ip) primer coat the government gave for legalizing the gambling was that the tax of the demesne was dropping and it was because many of their citizens were travel to other situates to gamble. sensation may look at it that the government of Singapore may have cute to tap into its revenue to prevent the money from being played out out of the estate ( borders, 2002).Tourism was as well as another reason that saw the government allow the grammatical mental synthesis of the casinos and the operation of the cruise ship. The decision by the country was seen to be aiming at join on the demands for and the motivation of the tourists to the island state. The government to a fault based its decision of the fact that Singapore appears to the one-third least countermine states making their opportunity to attract many tourists roughly the world high. It was too pass judgment that the casino would be a dandy opening of many employment opportunities (Sim, 2010). one(a) of the ethical issues border the casino and gambling business is the organized crimes taking purpose in these places. law-breaking is one of the factors that the anti-casino movements were seen to argue that will increase as a result of the legalization of the business. In other countries, in that location have been witnessed show facial expressions of assassinations around the casinos where the population gambling in these casinos seem not to be pleasant with the fact that they lose their money or property and thus, organize an assassination of their opponents (Garret, 2004). forrader the government had legalized the casinos and gambling in Singapore, there were many forces and arguments for and against the case. unalike batch had different views concerning casino gaming where a free radical believed in the ethical part of casinos plot of ground others defended their opposition on grounds of the unethical parts cause an ethical plight in the case (Toneatto, Ferguson & Brenn an, 2003). From the beginning, the policy makers in the country had admit the possible disallow externalities and gave an assurance that these would be verifyled done different measures that were put in place. The government passed the casino carry act that issued the indorse to conformation the devil incorporated resorts with casinos in them. thither are also statutory boards that were highly-developed to unsex the fond impacts of the casino gambling and the state has been very hard-and-fast in the act by increasingly modify the rules over time. in that location are elimination measures and limits of visits to the casino. The exclusion measures are seen to bar plurality from entering the casino bandage the limits of visits puts barriers on the number of visits a person can visit the casino, and that being imposed on registered members (Grinols, 2004).Another measure is on the people operating the casino where they are not allowed to accept reference book cards from the local residents and they are as well not permitted to extend credit to the local visitors. In any case the operators appear to burst the regulations they are to face some disciplinary marchs including the imposition of fines, prison-breaking or even termination of their licenses (Werker, 2007). incessantly since the casinos in Singapore started working, the regulations governing them have been tightened progressively. The issue of dependance was to be sieve through the readjustment of education programs to through family service centers and community of interests development councils. These bodies were to go past gambling addiction information to the humankind and also adroit the staff on the compulsive gambling and how to provide basal counseling to the gamblers (Anderson, 2005).However, the government should have utilise the consequentialism conjecture with the cost of ethics. The consequential get down emphasizes that an ethical religion is a item on the ac tion outcome or its consequence. Therefore, any counterbalance ethical actions should bugger off a cocksure result (Walker & Jackson, 2007). The unequivocal result should preponderate the negative outcome. The casino ACT primarily focused on the local mansion house because benefiting them more than the residents. In coincidence with the shareholders theory, the responsibility of the casino was to raise profits to the shareholders and benefit the residents positively. match to Banks (2002). Understanding the theories of justice comes from the business ethics. However, it has a political thought due to the control of businesses by the government involvement. The government of Singapore defends its decision to legitimize the integrated resorts take aiming that the gambling and all the games in the casinos can also be considered a form of entertainment. The claim is based on the economic conditions and the claim that purchasing of raw materials from other countries will suppo rt their relationships. The theory of justice in the main focuses on the universe of discourse of liberties equalization hence creating strong friendships and contentment between the other countries with a vulgar benefit.In from each one and every day, the business world lives around making decisions and for most of them, making the even off one take one to be thoughtful and considerations while others have no conscious in thinking through a decision. In as much as the cruise ship might be having a beneficial advantage to the country, by generating income to and adding up to the economy in Singapore, it is quite unfortunate that it discharges bilge water, sewerage and other waste to the water a few miles from the coast. more corporate agencies are full of corrupt administrators and governments are full of graft and bribes and as such people might not question a government rails a country being ethical. Singapore, later its government proclaimed that they will be legalizin g gambling and allowing the construction of mega resorts with gaming facilities, it appeared that the country was thrown in a debating sphere of influence about the implications that could come along with the decision. The government passed the casino control act that issued the license to build the two integrated resorts with casinos in them. There are also statutory boards that were developed to limit the social impacts of the casino gambling and the state has been very strict in the act by progressively tightening the rules over time.Anderson, J. E., (2005). gambling casino revenue enhancement in the joined States. subject taxation diary, 58(2), 303 324. Retrieved from https//ntj.tax.org/Balfour, F. (2006). Macau gaming dismal past, rosy future. occupancyWeek Online, pp. 6. Retrieved from academic Search autopsy database.Banks, G. (2002). The Productivity commissions gambling inquiry 3 years on. presentment to the 12th yearbook Conference of the National Association for shimmer Studies, Melbourne, Productivity Commission, Canberra. Retrieved from https//www.pc.gov.au/speeches/?a=7804Garret, T.A. (2004). Casino gaming and employment trends. federal official Reserve Bank of St. Louis follow-up, 86(1), pp. 9-22. Retrieved from https//research.stlouisfed.org/publications/review/04/01/garrett.pdfGrinols, E.L. (2004). period of play in the States Costs and benefits. The insistence Syndicate of the University of Cambridge, The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, coupled Kingdom.Grinols, E.L., & Mustard, D.B. (2006). Casinos, crime, and community costs. The Review of Economics and Statistics. 88(1), 28-45. Retrieved from https//www.terry.uga.edu/mustard greens/casinos.pdfLim, H. K. (2005). Comment by Minster for Trade & pains Lim Hng Kiang.Ministerial Speeches & Comments. Retrieved from Ministry of Trade and IndustrySingapore website https//app.mti.gov.sg/default.asp?id=606Lo, S. H. (2005). Casino politics, organized crime and the pos t-colonial state in Macau. Journal of contemporaneous China, 14(43), 207-224. inside10.1080/10670560500065454.Sim, A. (2010). Singapore already reaping benefits from IRs Economist. Retrieved from https//www.asiaone.com/Business/News/ story/A1Story20100426-212421.htmlToneatto, T., Ferguson, D., & Brennan, J. (2003). Effect of a new casino on paradox gambling in treatment-seeking substance abusers. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 48(1), 40.Retrieved from academic Search post-mortem database.Walker, D., & Jackson, J. (2007). Do casinos cause economic egress? American Journal of Economics & Sociology, 66(3), 593-607. doi10.1111/j.1536-7150.2007.00528.x.Werker, E. (2007). Company townspeople Fixing corrupt governments. Harvard Business School, functional Knowledge, Retrieved from https//hbswk.hbs.edu/item/5730.html

Four similar disease 1topic like COPD,LUNGS CA.ASTHMA,SMOKER Research Paper

Four similar disease 1topic like COPD,LUNGS CA.ASTHMA,SMOKER - Research Paper ExampleIt generates new insight and a novel contingent of view into the existing treatment procedures and about the disease. Continuous interrogation in the field of nursing practice is very important as through research new data and repossesss are discovered which help in nameing new patterns and subsequently help in developing new procedures to fight the patients condition. The ontogeny of nursing practice in diseases like COPD, Lung Cancer, Asthma and Smoking exemplifies the importance of the research to nursing practice. These are four similar diseases (affecting the same organ lungs) with several(predicate) backgrounds (origin, causes, development, effects, and cure). COPD is a serious lung disease which during the course of time makes it difficult to breathe. It is the fourth main reason for death in the United States and leads to long-term disability.1 Persons suffering from COPD find it diffic ult to get the air in and out of their lungs as the air sorts (tubes which carry the air in and out of the lungs) are partially blocked. There are two prime diseases that cause this blockage- Chronic bronchitis and Emphysema. The main cause of this lung disorder is cigarette smoking which contributes to 80-90% of the disease. 1 Nursing practices go a long way in the cure of the disease. Nurses/ professionals and pulmonary rehabilitation programs help to control the disease through physical activity and training. Nursing is fast emerging as a means to upchuck a check on COPD. The best cure against COPD is to quit smoking. An online COPD community has emerged where different COPD patients and professionals share their experience and methods to fight cure COPD. Lung Cancer refers to cancer of the tissues of the lungs, largely in the cells lining the air passages. It is one of the more lethal diseases. It claims more lives than prostate, colon, breast and lymph cancers combined, per year. Essentially, there are two types of lung cancers Small cubicle Lung Cancer (SCLC) and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Both categories have the capacity to cause life threatening damages to the neuromuscular system. A significant part of the treatment to lung cancer is the way the problem is nursed. Nursing practices play an important role. Advanced nursing practice has been introduced as a practice that includes a variety of roles essential for treating lung cancer and the environments in which they exist. Planning is quite necessary in combating the disease. Many obstacles to realizing the full potential of the roles can be evaded through better efforts and planning to address factors, resources and structures necessary for advanced(a) nursing practice to lung cancer. A recent research conducted on patients with lung cancer suggested that patients often experience multiple marks that vary during the course of their disease.2 Therefore, in conjunction with mettlesome q uality physical care of the patients, nursing practice is also required to provide frequent interventions with patients varying from patient education regarding chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy and symptom management meant for skin changes linked to fatigue, radiation therapy, weight loss and nausea due to changes in appetite. Asthma is chiefly characterized by the shortness of breath, tightness of agency along with coughing. It essentially is the hindrance in the human airflow system. Asthma is a continual inflammatory disease and estimates have shown that over 300 gazillion people were affected with asthma in 2010. Genetic factors along with other

Evidence-Based Management of a Chronic Wound in an Elderly Female Research Paper

Evidence-Based Management of a Chronic Wound in an Elderly egg-producing(prenominal) forbearing with Type II Diabetes - Research Paper ExampleAPA Format Nussbaum, E.L. (2010). Evidence-Based Management of a Chronic Wound in an Elderly Female Patient with Type II Diabetes. Physiotherapy Canada, 62(2) 129-133. Database and Accession Number The article was accessed in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Plus with rich Text Databases with accession number 2010644352. Keywords such as evidenced-based, chronic annoy, and type II Diabetes were used to locate the article. Summary The article identified the role of animal(prenominal) agents such as ultrasound, electrical stimulation, ultraviolet radiation, low-level laser therapy, and pulsed short-wave therapy in the management of chronic wounds (Nussbaum, 2010, 129). The clinical problem in head is whether there argon supportive evidences and studies that would prove that ultrasound alone give be effe ctive in wound meliorate and management of chronic wounds or supportive evidences and studies will suggest non-significant effect of ultrasound in wound healing and management of chronic wounds. Based on the clinical problem, the PICO question formulated is In sr. patients with Type II diabetes, how does wound treatment with ultrasound vs. wound treatment with all the physical agents affect wound healing and wound management? The PICO question is formulated in a way that would emphasize the effect of ultrasound only in wound healing. Evidences from literatures are ill-considered of the effect of ultrasound to wound healing. Meta-analysis, Cochrane Group Reviews, and Randomized-Controlled Trials (RCTs) were the framework, model, or systematic approach used by the author to evaluate, compare, and critique the available literature. Critique from meta-analyses and reviews suggest that available evidence are inconclusive because of methodological limitations in terms of small number o f trials and participants, heterogeneous methods, and limited pooling results (Nussbaum, 2010, 130). Meta-analysis of RCTs from 1998 and 2002 showed benefits of uncertain degree in reduction of ulcer field of honor however, it was not sporty whether reduction was a result of low-frequency (30 kHz) ultrasound or of water footbath. In the 2008 Cochrane Update using gel coupling instead of water footbath, pooling trials are interpret using statistical measures of risk ratio and weighted mean difference, wherein, outcome showed that more ulcer were healed from using ultrasound and that using ultrasound was just (Nussbaum, 2010, 130). Available literatures lack RCTs using ultrasound on non-venous origin. In general, there was no evidence of benefit from using ultrasound on wound healing and methodological limitations did not rule out possibility of benefit or harm. The outcome of the clinical problem is measured, compared, and evaluated using an acetate sheet, a free encounter softw are, a cotton-tipped probe and ruler, and Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool. The acetate sheet was used for tracing the patients ulcer, the free image software for calculating the area of the wound, the cotton-tipped probe and ruler for approximating maximum wound depth and undermining, and the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool for the assessment of healing and ensuring validity and reliability (Nussbaum, 2010, 131). The biweekly photographic corroboration must show a reduction of at least 30% over a 4-week period to consider ultrasound as an effective

Discussion of a current marketing problem Essay

Discussion of a current marketing problem - Essay ExampleThis gives them instant access to overt image copies (not streaming video) that even Netflix could not provide without a day or two wait for the mail system to deliver videos. As such, subscribership began to do in as Netflix was not providing cost incentives to avoid brand defection by once loyal consumers. This led to media coverage that was very electronegative in which investor agency began to fall, along with outlook for continuing subscribership and revenue growth, which plummeted the stock from $236 in September 2011 to only $66 in December 2011. Media coverage showing many negative factors about a business concern model has very substantial impact on consumer perceptions about a brand. While all of this negative publicity was occurring, Netflix was withal realizing that its operational costs were steadily increasing, therefore the business would have to raise prices in order to offset these concerns. The operation al cost increase factors included royalty fees paid to many different film production companies that hold intellectual property rights on many of the products offered by Netflix. With growth in streaming video online, the costs of operations increased from $180 million annually in 2010 to $1.98 billion in 2012 (Pepitone & Smith, 2011). The only way that Netflix could stay in business and happen investor confidence was to raise prices, taking the Netflix service subscription from a previous 2009 total of $5 per month, to over $10 per month in certain markets. Raising prices on this business model created significant consumer backlash and immediate defection to other brands offering similar services. To now be able to get hard model discs delivered as well as streaming video capabilities under the service, it would now cost consumers $15.98 (Sanger, 2011). Netflix was essentially stating that the high costs of licensing the videos offered (hundreds of millions of dollars annually) and the costs of handling video returns and deliveries were justifying these fulminant and significant price hikes. The major problem in this situation is that not only did the company anger its loyal customers with massive price increases, but the business did not realize the consumer loyalty

Assessment questions for Global Marketing Essay

Assessment questions for Global Marketing - Essay Examplelection of fragmentation criteria, collection of relevant information, profile of geographical location of the consumers as per the segmentation criteria, evaluation of the appropriateness or the attractiveness of the segmentation and updating and reassigning the segment membership.Identification of the purpose of global grocery segmentation involves the assessment of different segmentation strategies. These segmentation strategies assist global organizations to analyze the major objectives of market segmentation. These objectives consists the identification of customer needs to offer to a greater extent suitable product for them, improvement of customer profitability by analyzing pricing process, identification of new target consumer groups, improvisation of customer retention and identification of crop opportunities to gather desired market share. The proper analysis of the marketing strategy will enable organization to ad equately assess the market segmentation requirement. after(prenominal) identifying the major purposes, it is essential to analyse the suitable segmentation criteria. There are a number of based or methods which can be utilized to segment different global marketplace. The segmentation bases can be divided according to traditional process as well as the requirement of emerging market. The traditional segmentation bases include demographic, geographic, cultural, environmental, psychographic and behavioural criteria. On the other hand, the emerging segmentation bases focuses on response elasticises and product diffusion pattern. The choice of the bases of segmentation is one of the nigh important factors for global market segmentation. Global organisation need to focus on the selection of the right base for their market segmentation procedure in terms of their products/ services and customers profile. The segmentation bases for global market differs due to the differences in consumers responses and product features. The selection of wrong bases of the segmentation can

How Does McDonald Promotions and advertising affect their sales Coursework

How Does McDonald Promotions and advertising affect their sales - Coursework ExampleResearch circumstance A lightsome definition and formulation of research context is necessary as it helps in organising research efforts and ensures optimum utilisation of research process. In other words, research context lays down physical setting and environment in which research arena will be undertaken. At many instances, research context is also termed and understand in terms of experimental conditions or study environment. The underlying research study will be located and conducted in the context of field business. It is due to reason that McDonalds is a national business as compared to regional or local business firm. In addition, underlying research study will pursue and operate in a hypothetical study environment or research context. The hypothetical study environment will be utilised to assess, determine, and prove whether advertisement and promotions affect the sales of McDonalds or not. The assessment of the opposition will help in identifying whether formulated hypothesis is heavy(a) and acceptable in the present business setting or it is no longer valid and profound in todays business human race (Simchi-levi & Kaminsky 2003). ... The research study will throw light on the section that marketing and its tool can play in enhancing business position and sales potentialities (Mckenzie-Mohr 2000). The significance of research study is evident from both academic and commercial perspective. From academic perspective, the underlying research will facilitate the path of understanding implications and role of marketing. On the other hand, business firms will gain deep insight, understanding and encouragement for implementing marketing in their business philosophies with the help of present research study. publications review Literature review makes affair of secondary sources like books, magazines, journals, research papers and many more to search, gather, test, and evaluate crucial findings and results. This practice of investigating and exploring root word helps in solving research problem and outlining new findings and results. Marketing mix Ruddick (2012) throws light on the marketing mix in order to ascertain impact of promotion and advertising on McDonalds sales. The author explains that marketing mix contain four elements viz., product, price, place and promotion. All the components of marketing mix are hand towards improving market positioning and profitability of company. Among the four components, promotion play more significant role as it create direct impact on the customers attitudes and perception. It has been identified that companies paying more attention towards sales promotion and advertising are more likely to emerge as a favourite soil and purchase choice among customers. In this regard, sales promotion and advertising are the most commonly used promotional tools. McDonalds makes frequent and regular use of these pro motional tools in order to gain favourable

Skills and Perspectives Needed for Working with Families from Diverse Research Paper

Skills and Perspectives Needed for Working with Families from Diverse Backgrounds - Research Paper ExampleThe current research paper is aimed at identifying the skills involve for working with families from diverse backgrounds. Moreover, perspectives are critical in understanding intercultural problems in the modern industrial world. In the paper, perspectives helpful to comprehend family related issues have as well been discussed in detail. Introduction In this paper, the main skills and perspectives needed for working with families from diverse backgrounds will be reviewed and analyzed. The principal focus of the research is on the situation in the western countries such as USA and other developed countries such as Australia where issues of intercultural relationships, migration, assimilation, etc. have drawn considerable public attention and cope at various levels of family and consumer studies. In writing this paper, academic literature including scholarly articles and practit ioners resources have been used from reputable journals and university databases and libraries. The paper is divided into sections dedicated to introduction, background research, problem, thesis statement, objectives, discussion, and conclusion. Background Family is the unit of society and nation that provides the most critical needs such as physical security and emotional fill-in to its members. Family system brings coherence among individuals, begets mutual trust, legitimizes sex and synthesizes the civilization (Samovar, Porter, & McDaniel, 2009). Given the importance of family in any civilized society, immigrants have to be assimilated keeping in instinct the need of fostering social coherence. Particularly in the developed countries where social constructs are highly complex and mechanistic industrialization booms, advent of immigrants is a major(ip) trend. For example, USA receives thousands of immigrants from different parts of the world every year. The institution of fami ly becomes critical in such circumstances, where immigrants are being received either in groups, in families, or simply as isolated individuals and/or asylum seekers (Gold & Nawyn, 2013). Furthermore, the issue of social justice for the relatively more marginalized populations besides remains a fundamental question. For example, aboriginal population in Australia needs more social care and empathetic treatment because of their poor economic conditions. In America, the American Indians and African Americans also have similar problems. Problem In working with the families with diverse backgrounds, there are different issues in different countries. For example, in the countries such as Australia and juvenile Zealand where immigration is still rather limited, issues of the families from aboriginal cultures must be addressed. These issues are absent in UK, yet the problem of larn the immigrant population in the soil is very serious. And in the countries such as USA, ethnically and c ulturally varied families are highly common. Historically, USA has face numerous hurdles in assimilating the various minority ethnic groups, immigrants, American Indians, different religious groups, etc. The practical aspects of the overall problem relate to three important issues (1) handling the difficulties faced by children (2) handling the difficulties faced by female family members and (3) creating a holistic coverage of intercultural

Multicultural Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Multicultural Education - Essay ExampleThe immediate adjacent surrounding environment to the school consists of pristinely positive housing of what appears to be sober members of the community. The area is cosmopolitan as it contains a diverse collection of individual not only native to the area exactly also of international descent. The majority of who are whites, Hispanic, migrants from the Asian pacific and African Americans in that order. The number of religious institutions in the area area is m some(prenominal) and thence it would seem that the community is relatively peaceful if not cohesive. A fairly large number of individuals live in poverty and thereby getting annoy to essential reading material could be a challenge. The number of religious institutions however can offer reprieve to this troubled souls by offering any scholarship programs that they may have started. The student- teacher ratio if favorable as one teacher can easily cater for the needs of 14 students and hide their learning needs comprehensively.The language barrier in the area is likely to be unfavorable to the natives of the area as they speak that is not the language of commission in the school hence making students understand what they are taught.Recreational facilities which include the YWCA are available to the students to keep fit through exercise and is low-cost to the majority since it is a non- profit making organization.

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Moon shots and unemployment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Moon shots and unemployment - Essay ExampleAccording to the former president of United States, unemployment is not geomorphologic but it is largely due to the incapability of the firms to hire professionals suitable for the jobs. In other words, the people being hired are not competent complete for the jobs being offered to them.One of the solutions to this problem should be the development of a proper Human Resource system that would facilitate all the companies to hire people who absolutely fit in the given criteria. Job descriptions for each post should be developed and talent hunt should be conducted subsequently.However, the problem faced by regular army is much more deep-rooted than this. While other developing countries like China are building on their core-competencies and looking for newer and bigger entrepreneurial ventures (for example, voltaic car manufacturing), ground forces is spending billions in Afghanistan. This is very dangerous for the country. USA should ther efore invest in discovering new avenues for economic growth, rather than being so politically active in wars all around the world. Otherwise China will become an economic superpower in the upcoming years and USA will be importing products like electric cars from

Stem cell research Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Stem cell research - Term Paper ExampleStem cell research is divided in to embryonic stem cells, cord blood stem cells and adult stem cell research (Freedman, 2007). The adult stem cells are taken from the bone marrow, whizz and spinal cord while cord blood stem cells are taken from newborns umbilical cord. The third is the most controversial embryonic stem cells that are taken from the embryo and thus leading to the death of the embryo since the embryo comprises mainly stem cells (Forman, 2008)). Accordingly, totipotent stem cells bottom discern in any form of cell while unipotent stem cells have unlimited reproductive capabilities and can only differentiate in to single font of tissue or cell (Freedman, 2007). In this paper, I will argue that stem cell research is essential research since its findings lead to medical advancements that can be used to cure complex diseases and disorders thus improving the overall quality of life in the society.Proponents of stem cell research as sert that it has exhibit the capability of regenerating all body areas and repairing damaged body tissues thus curing degenerative diseases such as Alzheimers disease and cancer cerebrate complications (Freedman, 2007). In addition, the field of study is holds key to reversing the negative impacts of ageing process thus it is critical in prolonging life and ensuring high standards of living among populations (Forman, 2008).The proponents counter the principle that stem cell research leads destroying innocent young life by claiming that the embryo does not have the psychological, emotional and physical properties associated with human beings before it is insert in to the uterus. It is follows that the embryo lacks the criteria for personhood and thus has not any interests that should be protected and is why it should be used for the future benefit of those who meet the personhood criteria (Freedman, 2007). Accordingly, some biological

Criminal Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 5

Criminal Law - Essay ExampleThe Act describes the nature of such offences and suggests penalties against such acts and omissions. In the same way, the Act condemns any sexual activity practiced or per organizeed without free consent of both the parties to the contract and views such sexual act an offence, which is based on fraudulence, undue influence, coercion, misrepresentation or any other related act that reveals the non-compliance of the aggrieved ships company and hits his/her freedom of choice.Malignantly doing any act known to be likely to spread transmitting of any disease dangerous to life is a serious offence and the offender of such act is liable to be punished under the section 269 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. In the same way, Law forbids a person undergoing contagious and venereal disease(s) from entering into sexual relationship with any other person without bringing to the knowledge of the other all information regarding his/her infectious disease, as well as taking protective measures necessary to save the partner form bodily harm of transmitting the disease he suffers. In addition, the statute of law not only condemns involving into sexual intercourse without the free will of the parties, entirely overly it does not allow any such act in which the element of misrepresentation involves. Misrepresentation stands for the statement made by a party to a contract, that a thing relating to it is in fact in a particular way, when he knows it is not so.Sexual Offence 2003 is the outcome of the changes that took place with the gun trigger of new laws as well as discovery of new diseases afflicting the individuals of society. Free sex with the consent of the parties as well as homosexual activities are also among the significant factors along with the discovery of human immunodeficiency virus known as HIV more than a decade ago, to bring in new laws and doctor old

NFL Public Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

NFL Public Relations - Essay ExampleThe game is also dominant in America because fans love the game, not plainly their teams. It is a social game that is practiced since childhood and the love develops henceforth. The game has also been promoted to dominance by the NFL community which is united in promoting the game. Henceforth NFL has know the effort of players, former players, coaches and the management as ambassadors of the game. NFL has also made efforts to market the game outside America which has helped it earn more fans in America and in the whole world. The success of the game since the 1980s has been attributed to good management that has enabled to market it among its fans through improved public relations. One of the men who have been accredited with alter the public relations of the game has been Rogers Goodell.Roger S. Goodell was born on February 19, 1959 in Jamestown, sore York. He is the son of the late US senator Charles E. Goodell who was a republican form New Y ork. The Goodell family moved to New York in 1971. He was a sport star while in Bronxville High School and played football, basketball, and metrical football. He was captain of the iii teams and was declared an athlete of the year while in Bronxville School. From high school, he joined Washington Jefferson College in Pennsylvania, Washington and graduated with a degree in Economics in 1981.In 1982, Goodell began his career in NF... He rose in ranks quickly and in 1987, he was appointed assistant president of the American Football Conference who was then Lamar Hunt. He worked under the commission Paul Taglibue executing various football and business roles. He was later appointed the executive director Vice President of the NFL and in 2001 appointed the Chief Operating Officer. Goodell was chosen on August 8 2006 to succeed Paul Tagliabue who had served the league for a pine time and Goodell assumed office on September 1 2006. Tagliabue is attributed to having led the league well and it was during his tenure that revenues skyrocketed for the 17 years he was at the channelise of the office. It is estimated that the league will collect about $10 billion mainly on TV rights for the next 6 years under the leadership of Goodell and the base laid by Taglibue.Goodell had a lot of effects on NFL during his tenure as a commissioner. According to Broncos (2006), he led the 1994 initiative for rules, created senor football operations, introduced the strident replay system and restructured the officiating department. He is attributed to having improved the league image especially on public relation. He is attributed of having instilled discipline in the league. In April 2007, he announced a person Conduct Policy and consequently a number of players were suspended for having broken the Personal Conduct Policy. According to Williamson (2007), among the victims of the policy initially were Tennessee Tiatnce Pacman Jones and Cincinnati Bangals Chris Henry. By August 2007, Goodell had suspended four players on matter of their conduct both in field and off-field. In his tenure as a commissioner, he also addressed the drug problem. The use of drug in the league had

Purchasing power parity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Purchasing power parity - Essay Examplebsolute purchasing power parity to distinguish it from a related supposition relative purchasing power parity, which predicts the relationship between the both countries relative inflation rates and the change in the switch oer rate of their currencies (Wikipedia, 2006).It is important in international economics for at least three reasons. First, it proposes a particularly simple theory of exchange rate determination it predicts that, if the relative price of two currencies is flexible, then it volition adjust to equal the ratio of their price levels. Second, if this kind of adjustment does not take place, the ratio of price levels can nonetheless provide a reference point against which the current exchange rate can be deemed to be under- or over-valued relative to its PPP level. Finally, irrespective of whether PPP pull up stakes ever occur in practice, deviations from it must be taken into account in making international and interregiona l comparisons of real income (Neary, 2004).The theory assumes that the actions of importers and exporters, motivated by transit country price differences, induces changes in the spot exchange rate. In another vein, PPP suggests that transactions on a countrys current account, affect the value of the exchange rate on the foreign exchange market. This contrast with the interest rate parity theory which assumes that the actions of investors, whose transactions are recorded on the capital account, induces changes in the exchange rate (Suranovic, 1999).Although earlier studies, like Froot and Rogoff (1995) had reported evidence of short run violations, many economists as Mc Donald (1996), Wu (1996) and others still hold the view that over the long run, relative price may move in proportion to the nominal exchange rate so that the real exchange rate will revert to its parity. Hence, it becomes important to test PPP as a long run relationship.PPP theory is based on an extension and variat ion of the law of nature of one price as applied to the aggregate

Human ressources management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Human ressources eliminatement - Assignment ExamplePerformances of the organizations be highly dependent on the efficiencies of the employees. The employees are highly asserted on this matter. Sometimes they try to resist different changes by manipulating their performance, efficiency and productivity. Organizational change is a serious bring out that every modern comp both is facing. Organizational change is the systematic movement of a company from one position to another position. It may change the lookout of an organization. Resistance of change is not a new concept. Whenever organizations have come up with different changes they face significant and tough challenges from the employees. Sometimes resistances are adult or direct and sometimes it has been underlying or indirect. The companies across the world are spending lots of money and energy for implementing changes in their organizations without facing overly much of resistances. Here in this hear a detailed discussio n will be done about how the employees offer effective resistances to prevent any organizational changes. The essay will include introduction, master(prenominal) body and conclusion. It will be a step by step approach.The main objective of this essay is to find various ways through which employees around the world resist different organizational changes. Organizational change is a regular phenomenon. With the changing scenarios employees are also varying their ways to oppose any changes. The study will help to understand that how employees often hinder the way of changes. In this essay the main objective will be to find out and analyze different methods, generally employees across the world follows to prevent any changes. This essay will inform managements of the different organizations about the possible responses of the employees in the context of organizational changes. If managements of the organizations are able to get the pictures of possible resistances then it will be easy for them to manage different resistances. In

Information Technology in Healthcare Essay Example for Free

Information Technology in Healthc ar EssayInformation technology has doubtlessly played cardinal role of transforming the operation, circumspection and the overall performance of many organizations. Similarly, its expected that information technology would show more or less same wedge of results in the health care organizations. That is, the employment of IT system in the provision of health care services will mitigate the quality of service provision in the industry.Generally, the term quality is used not in its simplest form but has been used in its complex form, which is primarily meant to incorporate improvement of the functioning of the incompatible healthcare departments together with the affiliated organizations which form part or participate in one way or another in the process of delivering health care service (Berg, 2001). Despite the fact that there has been increased investment in the healthcare industry, recent research has shown that the consumption of IT serv ices/products is far a great deal less in the healthcare industry as compared with the consumption rate of organizations in other sectors.Moreover, the large world population in developed countries or states like in the UK, USA among others access to high-quality healthcare services. While its known that not all individuals in the developed nations are well up, the distressing and the middle class group experience a lot of obstacles as they endeavor to access healthcare services and their related products such as scholarship of healthcare insurance cover and payment of hospital bills.With the low consumption rate of the IT services by the healthcare organizations in most developed nations, this has take to provisions of meager services to the poor, but its postulated changing to intensive IT consumption would mitigate the situation (Fournier, 2003). Significance of Using EMR system There are several reasons for the embracing of IT systems in the healthcare industry. Depending on different perspective of the focus, the use IT system has been used to bring an evolution in the healthcare provision. give care in other industries dealing with provisions of services and products different from those of healthcare industry, the instruction execution of IT services in the healthcare sector is aimed at bringing an evolution both in the performance and quality of the services delivered to the consumers. For the last two or three decades back, many organizations have put more efforts in the patronage of healthcare service provision, in order to have a change from the traditional record keeping practices. The adoption of the E-recording has thus been viewed as major measurement towards achieving a greater improvement in the healthcare overall performance.The consumption of IT services though is at low rates, the benefit accrued from the few ship canal in which it has been absorbed is enormous. In the area of medical records and record keeping, healthcare industry is adopting to the IT system to solve the problem of complexity in their system. First and foremost, the purpose of IT systems in medical record and recording reduces the time of production, spaces and transfer epoch, thus occupying to overall decrease in the expenditure cost of the record management (Berg, 2001). Facility evaluationThe EMR celerity is a sophisticated instrument which comprises of different parts for the accomplishment of the recording and storage of healthcare data and information. The equipments components involve both computer hardware as well as parcel product that support its data processing, storage operations and management. The major physical parts of the facility are the CPU together with its accessory components, while the non-physical component included the operating software and the special EMR software, which permit the performance of multiples tasks of healthcare.The special software is an go one which enables data entry through use of clicks, reducing the amount of keyboard typing. This means that the EMR facility supports the input of enormous data into the healthcare records with ease. The advanced software not only wires information in the word formats but it also supports the use of the imagery or photographic works, meaning that its a complete storage system of healthcare information. Cost of EMR system The EMR system is a model that occupies the least space in data storage systems. Though it has a multi-task purpose, the be perhaps is at moderate rate.EMR costs are computed from the various variables or components which are needed in the implementation of the system within an organization. The costs of implementing EMR are identified in two classes, viz the purchasing and installation system cost and the maintenance cost. Usually, prior to the installation of the EMR system, the CPU and computer accessories must be purchased. Additionally, the clinicians and physician are without the knowledge of developing the s uperior software which allows the carrying out of the various functions of data storage and processing.Currently, the prices of a computer surf from $ 7000 to 7500, while the software prices are estimated in the range of $1000 to $1500 which are inclusive of the license charges. The grant installation expenses of the hardware and the software within the healthcare premise is approximated at $ 3500, but this quote is not inclusive of the implementation expenses which incorporates the costs incurred during the adoption of the new-made systems. A part from the equipment and software costs, other indirect expenses are incurred in the courses of running the systems the maintenance costs which are at a crook $ 2000 per annum (Fournier, 2003).Regulation implications The utilization of the EMR systems in hospitals will have great impacts on the regulation and management of information within the healthcare supplier organizations. Among the anticipated outcomes is that the use of this sys tem would save time taken in retrieving patients information as well as hasten transferring of the information to any other organization or party where its needed. By doing so, both insurance organizations and organizations acting as referral healthcare services providers will have broader based of the assessment the patients health progress.While this system employed Electronic signatures that are unique, its a practice that reduces the risks associated with the heavy use of personalized signatures that can change with time or maybe forgotten. Barriers to EMR systems As revealed in a number of healthcare organization that have endeavored to install the new EMR system in their organization, there are several challenges are generally faced by firms implementing the system. According to the let out information, the initial outlay or capital is extremely high to be met within the current budget on healthcare development.The lean budgetary range bars the purchase of crucial and basic e quipments such as power backups to ensure data inputs and output operations are not halted due blackouts or brown out that adversely affect the quality of service delivery. Considering that most have workers have been used to the old system of cover work, its undoubtedly overt that most of them will be disturbed of the implementation of the system (Miller, 2004). The employment of EMR system mean that much work would be accomplished by a few clinicians and physician workers, a case that actually acts as a threat to job security for some of the employees.To take the full benefits of the systems, its very important for the training of the staffs, particularly to empower them in the use of installed system. This calls for the payment of the training service from external organization/firms as the organization has got no training personnel with the required knowledge, experience and proficient of the installed system. The hiring of the new trainers is not ease as their cost falls out o f the current budget.The handling of the new system of EMR also demands the use of shared devices such as serves, which implies that the company would have to hire additional staff to maintain the networks and the servers. Fraud and waste issues The implementation of the EMR systems within the organization has the ability of curbing certain problems experienced in the course of management and activity accomplishment. Usually, most of the organization depending on the traditional paper work recording depicted a lot of movements from one place to another.This indicates poor integration or communication between individuals at different departments. Sometimes, this increases the duration of the patients stay within the healthcare facility. Thus, the employment of the EMR system reduces the waste of healthcare facilities by eliminating or reducing many personnel movements, in the meantime leading to improvement on patients safety and general service delivery. Though EMR systems is appea ling way of improving the clinicians and physicians work effectiveness, high risks on privacy and confidence are associated with this kind of system.System hacking together with ease of reproducing the data in this system acts as the greatest threat to the use of the methodology (Miller, 2004) EMR Implementation The following are steps of implementing an EMR system Selection of the most suitable EMR to be adopted by the organization Compose a lead team to campaign for the EMR system Generate an implementation plan List/choosing the required equipments and software Training the organizations staffs Select security provider to the data/ information sites Input the selected data of interest TimelineThe first day will be the discussion on the redundancy experienced within the organizations so as to determine the appropriate EMR system. The second day will be formation of a steering team that would work together towards ensuring success of the project. trine will be generation o f a list of items equipments and software that would be used. Then, this will be followed by the installation of the system that would take a bout a week. This will run concurrently with the training of the staff members on the new system though the training will be extended by another week for practical skill acquisition.

1984 vs. Animal Farm Essay Example for Free

1984 vs. zoology Farm EssayIn twain novels xix Eighty-Four and Animal Farm there argon many similarities. Three main topics, which will be discussed in this essay, are control, closing off, and rebellion. The governing powers in each society of the two novels use control and isolation as tools for suppressing rebellion to ensure their reign of the social authority for future years to come.In Nineteen Eighty-Four, the regimen, also known as the P contrivancey, controls the society Winston full of lifes in. This takes spatial relation near the eastern side of the world and it is separated into three areas Eurasia, Eastasia and Oceania. These three provinces are constantly at war with each other and are controlled by different governors. Winston lives in Oceania and the Partys leader is roundone named Big Brother. No one has ever seen this person before, further is said to exist. The Party abolishes every type of art including the art of having free will. These abilities we re destroyed, smothered, and obliterated through careful means, and anyone having them was stated insane, dangerous, and antisocial. To prevent these laws from being broken, the Party championwash slew and have Telescreens that slew monitor everyones actions and a security task force called Thought Police to enforce these laws with torture and pain.The Thought Police would get him upright the same. He had committed, even if he had never set pen to paper, the essential crime that contained all others in itself. Thoughtcrime, they called it. Thoughtcrime could not be concealed forever. You might dodge successfully for a while, even for years, but sooner or later they ware bound to get you (pg. 166)The Thought Police are so feared that even Winston is afraid to break any of the laws. He knows he wants to write, but is already afraid before he even starts. This is how the Party suppresses the society.Likewise, in Animal Farm, control is involved with its society as well. The animals visualised in this novel represent human beings. The pigs are the smartest animals in the bring out and they take control and manipulate the otheranimals to do their dirty work. One of the pigs, Napoleon, has taken the throne of power with force and he controls the farm by using all the animals for his own benefit. Like Nineteen Eighty-Four, there are laws in Animal Farm, but as time goes by they are changed and shaped to his liking. To enforce Napoleons way of life, he uses savage dogs (which he raises from birth) to suppress the society (the animals). The dogs are just like the Thought Police in Nineteen Eighty-Four.All that year the animals worked like slaves. But they were happy in their work they grudged no effort or sacrifice, well aware that everything they did was for the benefit of themselves and those of their kind who would come after them, and not for a pack of idle, thieving human beings.(pg. 51)Napoleon and the Party are the same. They both control the society with manipulation or control and anyone who does not follow their rules, are dealt with.Isolation in Nineteen Eighty-Four, is displayed by the whole society itself. It bum be seen through the laws of each shoot down and how the wars between them. The Party constantly tells the society false information to keep them where they are. It tries to keep the population from leaving their land and moving to another, even though it is impossible since every other land is equally isolated. The society is constantly pee-peen false information about their land being in war with this one to frighten the people. The Party tries to keep the society separated from other ones to ensure that no other power preempt overthrow them. For example, if another land were to gain a higher population, they would have more power and more control. Thus, showing the Partys isolation.Once when he happened in some connection to mention the war against Eurasia, she startled him by saying casually that in her opinion the war was not happening. The rocket bombs which fell daily on London were probably fired by the Government of Oceania itself, just to keep people frightened. (pg.154)Just the same, Animal Farm, is isolated. The animals take over the farm and they keep themselves past from the humans. They even change the original name of the farm to Animal Farm once they have taken it over. The farm is isolated from the rest of the society. The animals in the farm are separated and even have their own governors. In the farm, the animals believe that all animals are comrades and the only enemy against them is man. They believed that they were better off without the humans and that they would live even better lives than the humans.The animals were happy as they had never conceived it possible to be. Every mouthful of food was an acute positive pleasure, now that it was truly their own food, produced by themselves and for themselves, not doled out to them by a grudging master (pg. 24)The animals ar e isolated from the humans and now that they are, they believe that they are truly happier and productive than they were in the past.Many of the people in Nineteen Eighty-Four are brainwashed and are made to believe that they are lifetime a prosperous life. The people have no idea that the world they live in is actually a lie, except for Winston, who believes otherwise. Inside his heart, he hates the Party even though he works for them. His work is to produce false information and deliver it to the society. Winston hates this, thus leading him to rebel. To fight against the Party, there is a group led by a man named Goldenstein and the only purpose of the group is to seal off the Party. In the end the rebellion is useless and nothing actually comes good out of it. Nothing can change the Party and nothing will.He was walking down the white-tiled corridor, with the feeling of walking in sunlight, and an armed guard at his back. The long-hoped-for bullet was entering his brain? He lo ved Big Brother (pg. 300)Even though Winston has joined the rebellion, it is shown that it wontsucceed. The rebellion is proven that it wont succeed in this quote. Winston represents the rebellion in general and the bullet represents the Party. The bullet has entered Winstons brain and has killed him, just like how the Party will kill the rebellion.Similarly, Animal Farm has a rebellious group. Like Nineteen Eighty-Four, the animals represented the rebels and that man represented the Party. Man, just like the Party, had complete control over the farm. Then the animals decided it was time, and raged war with man. The difference is that the animals did actually overthrow the government unlike the rebels in Nineteen Eighty-Four, but the rebels in both novels still have the same goal.Man is the only creature that consumes without producing. He does not give milk, he does not lay eggs, he is too weak to pull the plough, he cannot run fast enough to catch rabbits. Yet he is sea captain o f all the animals. He sets them to work, he gives back to them the bare minimum that will prevent them from starving, and the rest he keeps for himself(pg. 7)The animals rebel for same reasons as Winston did. They are living in a world where they are all mistreated.To sum it up, there are many similarities between Nineteen Eighty-Four and Animal Farm. Both powers in each novel have complete control of the society, and use isolation and force to subdue them. This never-ending fight for control will never stop and any change will just result in a large cycle leading back to the same problems.

Ethical Issues In Operations Management Commerce Essay

Ethical Issues In Operations Management Commerce Essay morals in the p atomic number 18ntage field especi all told(prenominal)y in the trading operations counseling is getting more than popularity. Ethics is concerned about the rules of human behavior and considers whether or non at that place is any objective right or wrong. The study of respectable motive is divided into legitimate fragments which include descriptive morality, nigh(a) theory, and applied honourable motive. In teleph one and however(a) circuit, the innovation of estimable motive is present for thousands of years now. The purpose of this research is to explore the body of knowledge with regards to ethics in operations counsel. Three questions atomic number 18 presented to set directions as follows (1) what are respectable replications faced in operations management (2) how do companies resolve good cut downs in their operations management and (3) does honorable behavior inside the operations function need management. Operations management refers to the approach of managing, designing, improving, and operating demarcation processes or systems that are cerebrate on producing or delivering goods and services. A refreshen of literature about the operations management and the ethical issues inwardly it is conducted to obtain answers to the research questions which are presented by the end part.Chapter IIntroductionEthics is a term which refers to moral philosophy that focuses on the aspects of good life and the difference between develop and worse. Ethics is concerned about the rules of human behavior and considers whether or non there is any objective right or wrong. Furthermore, ethics is concerned about the foundations of moral principles and how it evolved. Vee and Skitmore (2003) listed three things that contitute ethics as follows (1) ethics refers to a system of moral principles which operates as a basis for adjudicate actions as right or wrong (2) ethics re fers to the rules of conduct which illustrates a particular accetable multitude of human actions and (3) ethics refers to moral principles of an individual. Considering the definition of ethics, it give notice be deemed that its main objective is to guide the society on deciding what is good from bad and what is better from worse which is also referred to as normative ethics. This may be done in a general modality or may address indisputable ethical issues completely. new(prenominal) form or ethics is termed as metaethics wherein the moment of ethical language is analyzed to identify their true meaning. Simply speaking, the true meaning of referring to something as a moral act or a right act is analyzed.The study of ethics is divided into received divisions which include descriptive morality, ethical theory, and applied ethics. The first division which is termed as descriptive morality refers to ethics which is based from the actual principles, customs, beliefs, and practi ces of the society. Cultural facts differ from real societal groups to an other(prenominal) nigh the military personnel and these forms as the basis for their acts and what they believe should be right. Second division of ethics is ethical theory which refers to the under sales boothing and justification of moral concepts, principles, and theories. Final division is applied ethics which is foc utilise on the ethical issues in the society. This report travels to the applied ethics division since its objective is to obtain an understanding on ethics in air and the ethical issues in operations management and how may these be resolved. To chance upon this objective, some basic concepts on ethics shall first be discussed followed by its relation to the logical argument world specifically in operations management. Moreover, a literature review shall be conducted to examine the common ethical issues that lapse in operations management and how these are faced by the line sector and other concerned societal groups. This report is expected to add in the body of knowledge which is concerned about ethics in the workplace with discussions that connect the three mentioned division of ethics. Its significance shall be seen in a focal point that it examines the ethical trends and changes that occur in the business sector from the traditional era to the modern era. Research questions that will serve as guides for the paper are as follows (1) what are ethical issues faced in operations management (2) how do companies resolve ethical issues in their operations management and (3) does ethical behavior within the operations function need management.Some examples of ethical shapes in operations management decisions include customer safety, employee safety, materials recyclability, waste disposal, pollutions, repetitive tasks, stress in workplace, regulative company cultures, employment policies, fluctuations in working hours, consumption of energy, energy efficiency, im plications of plant location, closure, and vertical integration on employment, impact of process location on environment, and growth of re inaugurations. The next section shall present a literature review of the ethical issue in operations management that actually existed in the business sector and how are they resolved. It shall provide an overview of the ethical issues in the real world to offer a better understanding of the phenomenon.Chapter IILiterature ReviewBusinesses in todays world are faced with the pressure of having to comply with the ethical standards to ensure their continued market penetration without risk of being stripped out of the limelight. Businesses face this argufy with their own corporate favorable responsibility. In this review, the literature regarding the ethical issues in operations management is explored. Articles wrote by authors who focused on the topic of ethics in operations management are identified. Subtopics to be considered are the ethical is sues that exist and challenge the operations management, the ethical leadership of an operations manager, their ethical decision- fashioning, how the operations managers ethically influence the race under them, and how ethics in operations management can boost the morale and integrity of an organization as a whole. This review is structured to analyze ethics in operations management through a deeper examination on the mentioned subtopics and findings are considered in the end.Ethical logical thinkingEthical views differ from one society to another due to the differences in religion. People more very much take their religion as the basis for their ethical reasoning since religions present a authentic standard for morality. For example, Christians are direct by the Ten Commandments found on the Bible. Other religions are also guided by their own ghostly books alike(p) the Koran and Bhagavad Gita which t separatelyes what people ought to do. Models for good or moral acts are also established in some religions like the Saints or holy people. Despite the fact that the society seem to have grown with the tradition of basing their ethical standards with their own religions, philosophers believe that ethics can stand alone without ghostlike grounds. In philosophy, ethics base its analysis on what is right or wrong on reasoning and experience rather than incorporating religious standards and teachings. This fact also articulates that people who have valid ethical views or ethical standards of living are not only those that belong to any religious sector precisely also those that do not believe to any religion at all. Moreover, the challenge for religious ethics is the idea that something is referred to as ethical because it is approved by God which makes it arbitrary. Ethics should be independent and saying that something is right or wrong should not be based on someones approval. For this reason, a person should learn to have his own skill of moral reasoning. The goal of philosophical ethics is to deal with ethical issues without regarding to any religious views.Ethics is evaluative. This factor that referring to an act as either a rightful act or a wrongful act is equivalent to judging or evaluating it. However, it is not bounteous just judge or evaluate something. A judgment should be supported by certain norms or reason. Furthermore, it is not acceptable to say that a conclusion is given just because the speaker feels that management. A speaker who evaluates something is expected to explain deeper why he delivered such conclusion or attitude. Giving justifications to certain ethical conclusion is essential to ethics. A persons reasoning may be based from a prior experience regarding the said conclusion. Reasoning may not everlastingly be rational of objective since eitherone can admit that in every decision making done, emotions and feelings always interfere. A person can solve that say because he might have experienced the emot ions that are accompanied in that certain view.Ethical evaluation has several domains including action, consequences, character, and motive. In evaluating a certain role, the actions of either the parties involved constitute either right or wrong deeds. When concluding who of the parties is right, it is necessary that a person know the meaning of the term right. righteousness actions are those that are permissible including those that are obligatory and optional while wrong actions are those that are not permissible. Another domain of evaluating an ethical situation is the analysis of the consequences. An action is considered right if the results are positive while it is considered wrong when the consequences are otherwise negative. This is studied in teteological ethics which is beyond the scope of this report. Another area of ethical evaluation is the analysis of character of the doer of an action. People with bad character traits usually has negative outlook on life and are li kely to act in a way harmful to others. Last domain if ethical evaluation is the motive or intention behind an action. These ethical evaluation domains shall guide this report in analyzing the reasons behind ethical issues that exist in business.Ethics in BusinessEthics in business is not a new trend. In fact, it is already present for over four thousand years now. With the changing trends in the business world, the society is getting more concerned about the corporate responsibility of businesses. Debates have also been conducted focusing on the social issue of poverty among the workers and the corresponding responsibility of the employers about the issue. tied(p) in the ancient times, issues on ethics in business can be observed just like in the teachings of Aristotle about the harmful effect of the gaps that exist between the economical utilization of goods and the profit making objective of many merchants. At present, the rise of the concept of corporate social responsibility among the business sector constitutes corporate initiatives of integrating several ethical aspects such as establishment of calculates of conduct, environment management system measures, health and safety in the workplace, configuration to financial reporting standards, certifications schemes, company partnerships with community groups, and support for projects that are aimed for community instruction.There are several factors for the demand of the society for business ethics as a corporate responsibility. Some of these include the changing social role of corporate entities, globalization, developments in technology, and moral authority democratization. In the past, the responsibility or ordinance all aspects of social life rests in the hands of the government. However, with the evolution of time, some duties are being moved from the government to the other sectors of the society including the individuals, the social groups, and the business sector. With this trend, corporate en tities are required to establish their own self-regulation policies especially that the government has recognized the fact that fully controlling the business sector is not always an efficient way of influencing corporate behavior. Increased pressure is put on the business sector about the possible consequences of their policies on the society.Globalization is another whimsical factor for the societys demand of business ethics among the business sector. Currently, many businesses enter the international market and corporations tend to invest worldwide since this gives them more opportunities to grow. However, with the trend of incoming in different foreign markets, there are complex things to consider including ethics. Customs and traditions in foreign lands differ from each other and some business practices that may be acceptable to one nation may not be accepted in the same sense in another. Businesses are often expected to adapt with the customs and values of the foreign land t hat they are trying to penetrate. Pressure on companys corporate social responsibility is high since there is still no firm and stiff supervision governing the international business behavior.Developments in technology seem to be a great source of questions of morality. Technology at the current time is considered advanced and it provides a way for people to experience things that are thought to be impossible before. Technological development brings convenience to the society and contri simplyes to the establishment of a kind of life that is better than before. Ethics come to picture as the society examines the real consequences of technology to the way of life. The effect of technology to the world is complex and the government has not enough capacity to handle the issues accompanying it which makes it necessary for the business sector to take actions on whatever consequences their own technology may bring.In the past, moral authority often rests among a few groups in the society including the Church, the government, and the theorists. At present, the opinions of the mentioned authorities are now considered as a regular opinion which can be aligned with the opinions of a regular entity. The power and control they once had over judging and handling ethical issues has faded and now there is a democratization of moral authority. This again puts pressure on the business sector to manage their ethical affairs seriously since everyone seem to have the authority to criticize their business practices are compliance to ethical standards. Businesses are compelled to open their policies to the public when questioned about their business ethics. Moreover, with the intrusion of media, the businesses are more exposed to public which makes them susceptible to any ethical criticism.The relationship of a business to its stakeholders is the primary concern of business ethics. Stakeholders may include all the entities that have pursuit on a company or are influenced by the co mpany such as the shareholders, the customers, the employees, suppliers, competitors, the government, and others. Seeking business strategies that will consider the interest of all the stakeholders is not an easy task for a company but an important mission of every manager and all the high ranking company officials. Like any other company managers, operations manager has one of the most important duties of handling decision making processes regarding ethics in operations management.Ethics in Operations ManagementTo obtain a better understanding of operations management, it is necessary to define what operations mean. Operations refer to the portion of business which is responsible for the production of goods and services. Operations management therefore refers to the approach of managing, designing, improving, and operating business processes or systems that are focused on producing or delivering goods and services. In other words, operations management involves the process of conve rting a set of inputs into outputs (Hassin, 2009). The term operations management originated from the concept of productions management used in the past which refers to the process of converting raw materials into finished products. However, with the evolution of time, the term expanded to production and operations management to integrate the operations in the operate industry until currently, it is now termed as operations management.The main objective of the operations management is to ensure that products and services are delivered to customers at best quality but at lowest costs. Some huge organizations have separate operations management departments that do operations activities while some companies do not have, but regardless of this fact, all organizations have operations endeavors and every organizational member is involved in operations in some way. A companys operations management function is headed by the operations manager who has the primary duty of managing resources involved in operations. Some of the areas of decision making that are include in the duties of a companys operations management are formulation of operations scheme, setting of operations performance objectives, configuring process types, ensuring prompt service, layout design, planning for long-term capacity, facility location, technology to be adopted, designing of products and services, designing processes, and employee motivation.Business activities which are considered as operations include manufacturing, supply, transport, and service. Manufacturing activity involves the conversion of raw materials to final products which are eventually sold to customers. tote up is another business activity which involves the change of ownership of a certain physical good from the company to the customer. This is a usual business activity among the companies in the retail distribution industry. Third business activity described as included in operations is transport. This refers to the proc ess of transferring of goods from one place to another. Finally, service is an operations activity which involves changing of the condition of the customers. Operations of a certain company may not only be limited to only one of the mentioned activities. For example, a company which manufactures a certain product also supplies the same to the end customers. In this company, several operations management activities involved are manufacturing, supply, and transport.Different organizations belong to different industries adopt operations strategies that fit their businesses. However, some approaches adopted by different organizations in their operations strategies tend to be common and similar to each other. Certain requirements for an effective operations strategy include appropriateness, comprehensiveness, coherence, consistence, credibility, and ethicality. Appropriateness refers to the alignment of the operations strategy with the companys competitive strategy. This is especially ne cessary when operations strategy is hypothesise for the purpose of connecting the companys operations to its goal of developing a competitive edge over the competitors. An operations strategy is also required to be comprehensive where all aspect of operations is tackled. Operations management is included in a companys complex process of business and achieving excellent performance which makes it necessary for every strategy to deal with every aspect of operations rather than limiting tactics on minor operational decisions. Furthermore, it is not enough that operations strategy be comprehensive, it must also be coherent. Every element of the strategy which refers to specific operations function must point to the same direction for the strategy to be effective. From period to period, operations strategy may be modified but one important thing is noted, it should be consistent through time. Credibility is another factor for an effective operations strategy. It is important that every strategic goal is realizable to maintain credibility. A strategic objective which the operations management failed to achieve may give a negative impact on the strategy and the employees may be discouraged to support it subsequently. Finally, an effective operations strategy should be ethical. An operation strategy may have consequences after its implementation which makes it necessary to be formulated based of ethical standards.The role of ethics in operations management is important especially in world-class operations and it should be considered in corporate responsibility. This claim is based on the fact that most of the ethical issues in businesses originate from the operations level. Another reason for importance of ethics is the ethical consequences that arise from the strategy of some companies to obtain cost advantage by outsourcing. Ethics in operations management is concerned on the way how profit is obtained rather than on the quantity of profit which is considered enoug h. The tension is between cyberspace and the responsibilities of the company.Steenkamp (2010) described operations management as a management function which receives least attention and understanding. Aspects in operations are often left to the engineers and other concerned professionals or especialists. The term is not even used among the organizations in the servicing industry. Realizing this gap, it is important to understand that operations management should be taken into consideration since it is one of the functions that helps an organization to create and increase its value. Ethical issues comes with the importance of understanding operations management.Ethical dilemmas refer to a certain situation or issue wherein a decision has to be made to adopt one of the two equally urgent yet incompatible alternatives (Mirwoba, 2009). star popular ethical issue discussed in the literature regarding operations management is opportunism. This issue has been a topic of many empirical st udies conducted to focus on business and management field. Opportunism is considered in the literature as an unethical behavior which refers to the abuse of opportunity. In company operations, managers or other professionals involved are vulnerable to unethical choices due to fat number of opportunities which may be abused. Some of the factors that drive professionals to engage in unethical behaviors are the pressures brought by the demands for cost reduction and unrealizable strategic objectives. One area of operations which is faced with an increased vulnerability of engaging to unethical behavior is the procurement since the employee assigned in this process handles a momentous criterion of company resources (Carter, 2000). Furthermore, the procurement process has an increased exposure to the remote environment of a certain organization which makes it possible for easy conduct of an unethical act. This is not beneficial to the organization since its reputation is in jeopardy since the employee assigned in the procurement process acts in behalf of the organization as a whole when transaction with third parties.The empirical and conceptual research history of ethics in the procurement process of a business is affluent. The procurement activity within business operations is also the subject of another article by Ho (2012). The importance of ethics in managing business operations is stressed out in the article. Ethics is an essential requirement in arrange to build and maintain a good relationship between a business entity and other parties included in the conduct of its operations such as the suppliers. The procurement function in a business organization is critical for the achievement of business goals since. An organizations effective operations depend on the effective performance of the purchasing function while achieving global competitiveness depends on effective operations. It is therefore important that ethics is integrated in the whole process to ensure good relationship to suppliers and eventually to satisy the needs and wants of the customers. One ethical challenge by procurement officers is the situation where many suppliers compete and offer different favors and gifts just to create a business deal. In many situations, the relationship of the procurement officer not only to the supplier but also to his employer may also be affected. More ethical challenges include having to exagerate the problem of either the buyer or the supplier in order to obtain a business deal, offering preferential treatment to certain parties, allowing certain personalities to interfere with business deals, engaging in reciprocity, and seeking and providing development of different qoutes from different competitors either in a fair or unfair manner. graft is another requently mentioned ethical issue in the literature (Vee Skitmore, 2003). Bribery refers to the act of offering payments, goods or opportunities in exchange for something favorable. Accepting gifts is not a bad act but the situation tells whether it is unethical. When in operations, accepting gifts from people who have direct influence on the operations functions maybe considered as unethical expecially when the person being gifted and have the ability to satisfy the interest of the gift giver. Other ethical issues to consider in operations are breach of confidence, negligence, and fraud.The establishment of a code of conduct within an organization can greatly help operations especialists to decide on a certain ethical issue. Everyday, everyone are faced with the need to decide on a certain ethical issue. Organizations are faced with the pressure of having to demonstrate to the public their ability to decide correctly on an ethical issue. Organizations need to maintain a good reputation and the public trust to ensure their existence on the market. In order to achieve this, it is important for an organization to develop their own ethical code of conduct to guide every employee to decide correctly and to instill discipline among them.Ethical leadership is seen as an important factor to instill ethics in a certain organization (Monahan, 2012). In the literature, ethical leadership is increasingly studied relevant to the operations of organizations. Many articles relating to the role of unethical behaviors in the stroke of great companies take the example of Enron where thousands of employees were harmed due to the unethical actions of a few executives. Not only were the employees harmed but the ethical controversy also influenced other external factors such as the confidence of the public over the financial systems and the emergence of more strict government legislations. The increasing number of companies being involved in many ethical controversies which even brought them down made it possible for the others to realize the importance of integrating ethics in managing company operations in order to ensure profitability. Companies are more and more aware of this trend and have started to take actions to redirect their strategic plans to include ethical strategies in their paths to success. However, this move is neer an easy way since in the current business environment where every company strives for international penetration or globalization and competition is getting tougher, ethical considerations are getting complex and extensive too. In this situation, ethical leadership in a company is needed to be headed by a attractive leader (Mackie, Taylor, Finegold, Daar, Singer, 2006).In two studies mentioned by (Monahan, 2012), it was revealed that one problem among organizations that concerns ethics is the neglect of ethical leadership. Employees often do unethical actions or misconducts due to their lack of trust over their company leaders and the situation is even worsened by the poverty and weak economy. Furthermore, survey results support the idea since a significant percentage of employees were observed to quest ion themselves is ethics even exists within their own organizations. Actually, having to follow the standards is an easy task. However, everythings gets complicated when ethical dilemmas arise and there is no one in the organization to take responsibility. This prompted the need of every organization to have an ethical leader.Managing ethical behavior not only within operations management but within an organization as a whole is one of the nost pervasive and complex challenge of modern companies (Stead, Worrell, Stead, 1990). There are three theories introduced in the literature which describe ethical leadership (Plinio, 2009). These theories include transformational leadership, servant leadership, and authentic leadership. The first theory states that a leadership transforms both the leader and followers through increasing the level of conducts and aspirations. The second theory, on the other hand, states that the leader should possess the character of devotion to change the ethic al views of the followers. Finally, the third theory states that ethics comes from every individual through being true to themselves. Ethical character within an organization will not be achieved unless every member develops their own ethical character within themselves. Every member of an organization should have the choice of analyzing their inner character in every mistakes done, career setbacks that occur, and failures on their jobs. In other words, every organizational leader should develop their integrity to foster ethics.Harris, Sapienza, and Bowie (2011) mentioned in their article the decision-making process of managers. Individual differ in ethical decision-making. In fact, those that belong to the business world even have greater differences than those that do not. The differences may be due to different influences such as socio-cultural factors.Decision-making in a certain ethical situation is really a dilemma. This is especially true when the operations manager is requir ed to choose between two alternatives which are unfavorable. This can be considered a tough challenge for the person in the situation. In some cases, ethical dilemmas may be impossible to resolve due to reasons like sedition of value system. In todays world when every company aims for globalization, companies are faced with conflicting issues between the company objective of profitability and their corporate social responsibility. Ethics in the global market is complicated, so is the decision-making that operations managers have to face.The literature proposes theoretical concepts regarding ethical decision-making including relativism, moral imperialism, and comprehensiveism (Mirwoba, 2009). Relativism refers to the principle that a company should follow the ethical standards and norms of the country where they do business. Companies, therefore, follow different sets of ethical standards depending on the culture of a certain nation. This can be unfavorable to a business since ther e is no constant standard that employees should remember. A company cannot establish its definite ethical standards since cultures in other nations may be conflicting. Complexity occurs when operations in domicile market differ from the operations done in foreign markets. In the theory of moral imperialism, things are done in the opposite way of relativism. Moral imperialists argue that individuals should retain their own ethical views even when doing business in foreign lands. Ethics applied in operations in the home market is done the same way in other company branches even in global markets. Some authors, however, argue that the mentioned theories can both serve as bases for an ethical decision making where a certain alternative is chosen considering the norms in the foreign market and the company standards. In the theory of universalism, universal guidelines are considered. These often include fundamental human rights issues, environmental protection, consumer protection, and ba sic freedoms. This foundation of code of ethics is the most advantageous to many corporations since serious mistakes in actions and uncertainties in operations may be avoided.Most of the discussions focused on the operations management in private corporations which are profit-oriented. However, ethical issues not only occur in profit-oriented companies but also with non-profit corporations (Robinson Yeh, 2007). The challenge of strict compliance to ethical standards among the non-profit corporations is driven by the attempt of doing the right things. Furthermore, non-profit organizations are inclined to achieving their social goals rather than maximizing profits. When people encounter the concept of soc